The Ferment of Reform & Culture, 1790-1860

Yeah, about that...

The picture to your left is nothing new, though. People have been predicting the end times for centuries, and U.S. history is full of such instances. In this next section of APUSH, we will explore the beginnings of the Second Great Awakening in America's young experience and compare it to the first Great Awakening a century before. We will also see how higher-minded people set out to reform this nation in the wake of the religious fervor and cultural shift in the 1830s and 1840s. As you study for your next exam (coming next week over "American Pageant", Chapters 12-16), keep in mind how the reform movement grew in this time period, the role women took in the early American reform movement, and advances in public education and the sciences.

Stuff due soon:

1.) Guiding Questions and Graphic Organizer for "Irish Immigration" classroom lesson on Tues., 11/1.

2.) "American Pageant" Chapter 14 & 15 Guidebooks due by Wed., 11/2.

3.) "American Pageant" Chapter 14 & 15 Short-Response Questions (on my webpage) due on Fri., 11/4.

4.) Monterey Institute Unit 3, Chapter 10 Activities due Monday, 11/7. These include:

A.) Lesson 30: "Transcendentalism" - Consider This: "Do you think it would be possible to be as happy living in Thoreau's cabin as in emerson's elegant house?" Be sure while answering this that you show a basic understanding of transcendentalism.

B.) Lesson 30: "The Second Great Awakening" - Consider This: "Though men such as Charles Finney & Peter cartwright were leaders of religious revivalism i nthe early 19th century, notice the strong presence of women in the revival and camp meeting scenes. What ideas do you think the artists meant to express by giving women so consistently a dominant place of interest?"

C.) Lesson 30: "Millerites" - Consider This: "End-of-the-world predictions play on human anxieties and are a regular feature of history, especially at the turns of centuries. How do the preparations of the man depicted in this cartoon compare with those that many people made at the turn of the millenium in expectation of a Y2K disaster?"

D.) Lesson 30: "Alternative Communities" - Consider This: "Communal groups can be very efficient and productive when sincere and like-minded adherents are led by powerful idealists, as in the Shaker and Mormon communities. Why do you think such groups either faded away or altered their system to a more mainstream standard after a relatively short length of time?"

E.) Lesson 31: "David Walker's Appeal" - Consider This: "Did the actions of abolition extremists, like David Walker, help or hurt the antislavery crusade?" Be sure to include several pieces of evidence to back up your opinion.

F.) Chapter 10 Writing Assignment: "Great Awakening/Second Great Awakening" Comparison (be sure to use the Graphic Organizer in compiling evidence to form a coherent thesis AND write an essay).

G.) Chapter 10 Discussion Question: "How did the Second Great Awakening influence the reform movements of the nineteenth century? How did these reform movements socially re-shape the United States and allow for growing sectionalism?"

-Monterey Institute Assignments for Unit 3, Chapter 10, are due by Tues., 11/8.

Andrew Jackson & The Rise of Mass Democracy

Look at the picture to the side: what does it represent to you?

This is a depiction of newly-elected President Andrew "Old Hickory" Jackson's inaugural party at the White House in 1829. The nation's capital had never seen such an event: thousands of people gathered in Washington, DC, to celebrate Andy's victory because, after all, they had received an invitation from the "People's Champion" himself! Most of them finally converged at the White House, compelling Jackson to sneak out the back door while his constituency offended their fellow more elitist party-goers, broke (or stole) the White House china and silverware, and consumed vast amounts of celebratory cider and punch. It was obvious to all observors that politics, and America itself, had changed...if not for the better, than at least for good. After all, as Jackson's detractors would sneer, would you ever see President Washington or John Adams presiding over such a scene?

For the next several days, we're going to take a look at how American politics changed as a result of the War of 1812 (otherwise known as the Second War for American Independence) and the rise of the Jacksonians. Also key to this study will be the impact of the United States' early westward expansion on the native Americans that lived on the American frontier. Your assignments for the next several days will be:

1.) Watch the presentations for Monterey Institute, Unit 3, Ch. 7-8, Lessons 20-22

a.) Lesson 20 - "The Louisiana Purchase" - Consider This - Were President Jefferson's responses to the Barbary pirates and the opportunity to buy the Louisiana Territory in harmony or conflict with his philosophy of Jeffersonian democracy?
b.) Lesson 20 - "The Aaron Burr Conspiracy" - Consider This - How did Aaron Burr's fateful duel with Alexander Hamilton affect political strategies of the early 1800s? What did Burr lose and/or gain politically?
c.) Lesson 21 - "Jefferson's Embargo" - Consider This - How did the Embargo & Non-Intercourse Acts support or challenge President Jefferson's political beliefs?

-These questions and answers are due on Mon., 10/17.

2.) Watch the presentations for Monterey Institute, Unit 3, Chapter 9, Lessons 26-29

a.) Lesson 26 - "The Election of 1828" - Consider This - The states of Virginia and Maryland were the last to adopt universal manhood suffrage. What characteristics do you think caused them to wait?
b.) Lesson 27 - "The Tariff of 1828" - Consider This - What other actions did President Jackson take that his opponents considered were outside of the authority of the presidency?
c.) Lesson 28 - "19th Century Banking" - Consider This - If the charter for the 2nd Bank of the United States had been renewed, how do you think it would have influenced the development of the West?
d.) Lesson 29 - "The Indian Removal Act" - Consider This - If Jackson had NOT been successful in carrying out his plan of Indian Removal, do you think the eastern states would have remained ethnically multiracial instead of biracial? What implications might that have had during the Civil War era?

-These questions and answers are due on Tues., 10/18.

3.) "American Pageant" Guidebooks, Ch. 12-13 - Due by Wed., 10/19

4.) "American Pageant", Ch. 12-13 Short-Response Questions (on my McKeel webpage) - don't wait until the last minute!! There are 48...

-Due Thurs., 10/20

4.) Zinn's "People's History", Ch. 7 - "As Long As the Grass Grows and the Water Runs"

a.) In 3-to-5 paragraphs, briefly summarize the chapter. Be sure to include the following words/terms, and highlight where you use them: Indian Removal, Tecumseh, Andrew Jackson, Creeks, Cherokee, Sam Worcester, Assimilation
b.) Answer the following:
1.) Explain why the United States treated natives in the manner they did. (3 to 5 paragraphs)
2.) Is there any parallel between Bacon’s Rebellion and the Indian wars preceding the War of 1812, with respect to the dynamics among the Indians, poor whites, and rich whites? If so, explain how the situations are parallel. If not, what factors are different enough so that there is no structural parallel? (3 to 4 paragraphs)

-Due Friday, 10/21